The Complete Persepolis By Marjane Satrapi - 944 Words

The Complete Persepolis, written by Marjane Satrapi is a graphic novel that illustrates the authors unforgettable and very rough childhood while growing up in Tehran, Iran during the Islamic Revolution. The book was basically set up with events as the chapters. For example, the chapter â€Å"The Key† describes how plastic keys were handed to the young soldiers as their way to heaven when they died. This is what they were told at least. The book starts when Marji is 10 years old, which is just before Shah comes into power. When he does, the schools then become segregated. Boys were required to go to one school, while girls went to another. The students were also required to were veils because their hair was â€Å"stimulating†. The book carries on through many events and Marji is eventually sent to Austria because her parents were worried about her safety and it was easier to get an Austrian visa at that time. Then she goes to Austria and it didn’t wo rk out as expected, so she moves around a little and when she turned 18 she moved back in with her parents. The roll of women in these times was quite unpleasant to hear or talk about. These women were practically told what to wear, how to act, and what to do. I will describe three important women in this book that not only were role models to each other, but stood up for the rights of women. Marji, also known as Marjane, also known as the author of the book is a very interesting, levelheaded, determinedShow MoreRelatedThe Complete Persepolis By Marjane Satrapi Essay2019 Words   |  9 Pageslargely affected the views of Iranians by other nations. The graphic novel, The Complete Persepolis, written by Marjane Satrapi (Satrapi, 2003), conveys many of these events and changes through the eyes of a child growing up in the 1980s in Iran. Satrapi’s main purpose for this book is to describe how the Iranian government was corrupt, causing foreign nations to have a tainted view o f all Iranian citizens. The Complete Persepolis does so by presenting major events and changes in a manner that is directedRead MoreThe Complete Persepolis By Marjane Satrapi2268 Words   |  10 Pages Review of Literature While I will pull from other sources, the main focus of this paper will be The Complete Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi. Throughout this graphic novel, Satrapi tells her life story and what it was like growing up in Iran. In the opening illustrations, she describes her childhood and her transition from a secular school to one that was religious and separated by gender. At this time it had become law for a woman to wear the veil, or head scarf when in public. Iran transitionedRead MoreThe Complete Persepolis By Marjane Satrapi1552 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout The Complete Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi the idea of inequality is introduced through several examples. Marjane Satrapi uses the title to comment on inequality in all aspects of Marjane’s life, including gender, religious, economic, and racial status. Although there are several forms of inequality that the title attempts to highlight within the story, it focuses primarily on the issues of gender inequality by compa ring the issues that Marjane faces due to her gender and comparing itRead MoreThe Complete Persepolis By Marjane Satrapi903 Words   |  4 Pages In The Complete Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi, the genre choice of the graphic novel vividly portrays the life-experience that Satrapi herself gone through as a youth growing up in Iran back in the 1980s. Satrapi utilizes a unique drawing style to emphasize the influence that the Islamic Republic has brought to her. The recurring action of teachers implanting Islamic values in children throughout Marjane’s education in Iran is demonstrated through a set of related images, which implicitlyRead MoreThe Complete Persepolis By Marjane Satrapi1017 Words   |  5 PagesThis pepper identifies and analyses some of the highlights found in the culture narrative of a visual comic memoir titled â€Å"The Complete Persepolis† by Marjane Satrapi, and a culture storyline, â€Å"Code White† by Debra Anderson. Starting with â€Å"The Complete Persepolis† the book is about Satrapi’s experience as she transitions from a young woman into adulthood in Rasht, Ira n and Vienna, Australia during and after the Islamic and culture revolution between the periods of 1979-1995. The first publishedRead MoreThe Complete Persepolis By Marjane Satrapi1185 Words   |  5 PagesThere are certain countries that are ran through dictatorship, they abuse the power they have to the country. In the story, The Complete Persepolis written by Marjane Satrapi, she changes the view towards Iran through occurrences and eastern fundamentalist ideas. In 1979, there was the Islamic revolution in Iran. This year was the year that was going to have many changes to the country. In chapter one of the Veil, there are characters and their freedom of expression being repressed as well as theRead MoreThe Complete Persepolis By Marjane Satrapi Essay2678 Words   |  11 PagesThe Complete Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi The Veil The reader is introduced to Marjane at 10 in Iran, 1980. She goes to school and wears a veil, just like everyone else. The women in Iran don’t want to wear a veil The new regime in Iran made it mandatory for women to wear a veil. They also segregated the schools between girls and boys Marjane says she wants to be a prophet The school thinks it’s weird that she wants to be a prophet, so they call her parents Even though she wants to be a prophetRead MoreThe Complete Persepolis Marjane Satrapi Analysis1072 Words   |  5 PagesIn her graphic novel â€Å"The Complete Persepolis,† Marjane Satrapi explores different identities and works through troubling hardships as she comes closer to who she truly is as an educated Iranian woman. Satrapi expresses the many trials and tribulations she endured while living in and out of Iran during parts of the Islamic Revolution, all whilst trying to find her identity as a child, teenager, and adult. Although she loses herself along the way, she always finds her true identity and self-worthRead MoreMarjane Satrapi s Story Of The Complete Persepolis Essay1022 Words   |  5 Pagesan unfriendly world. This is not a fictitious story. This is an actual event that happened to the author of The Complete Persepolis. Marjane Satrapi, the author of The Complete Persepolis, grew up during the 1979 Revolution. This event changed many people’s lives, e ither it was for the better or worse is hard to say. Nevertheless, it influenced Satrapi s whole life. In the book, Satrapi expresses her childhood memories through her eyes as a child. Her experiences and ancestry can be clearly shownRead MoreThe Complete Persepolis By Marjane Satrapi And I Am Nujood1495 Words   |  6 Pagesthe patriotism that the country gives. Having these ideals one can see that some Americans are even question their own culture, and are constantly changing it due to the surge of countercultures and trend setters. From the texts The Complete Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi and I Am Nujood by Nujood Ali one can observe how western culture has affected people who are not raised within Iranian and Yemini cultures, and it grants a glimpse into other cultures and their beliefs. Despite the culture shock in

Letter to the Provost option Free Essays

Dear Sir/Madam: I have been studying for [] years in this school and I have always believed that the school supports and upholds students’ rights that gear towards maturity, discipline, fairness and respect.   Five people in your staff have proven my belief wrong. In pursuance of our grievance procedure as indicated in the most recent Undergraduate Bulletin, I am writing this formal complaint against the [name here], supervisor of our Computer Lab, 2 Computer Lab Assistants and 2 Security Personnel. We will write a custom essay sample on Letter to the Provost option or any similar topic only for you Order Now Last [date of incident], I, together, with a classmate was rushing to the Computer Lab to print handouts for a group presentation that shall start in 20 minutes.   Like normal, we went straight into the Computer Lab but were suddenly stopped by a Computer Lab Assistant (a girl), and who asked us to swipe our IDs.   Although there is a note outside of the door that the ID is required, they never required this of me so for the past 2 years that I have come into the lab, I didn’t think it was ever needed and since time is of the essence at this point, I didn’t think I had the time to search through the three bags I had with me for my ID. My classmate was able to find hers and she went in.   I explained the situation to the Computer Lab Girl and requested for me to just sit next to my classmate and instruct her on what to print but the girl said â€Å"No, you should sit in the corner; and you can’t sit next to your classmate.†Ã‚   I find the first statement very inappropriate but we were pressured.   I asked her to reconsider.   Another Computer Lab Assistant (also a girl) then came and started giving me an attitude.   I was forced to defend myself and answered back saying that â€Å"for two years no one ever asked me for an ID and you guys are giving me an attitude.† They didn’t respond anymore so I went in with my classmate and sat beside her as I surf through my things for my ID.   As my classmate started to type, the supervisor is suddenly there asking me what happened.   I am guessing he has already spoken with the 2 Lab Assistants because when I started to explain, he interrupted me 3 times and then he went off and called Security. A Male Security came and told me to â€Å"leave my stuff† as he escorted me outside.   I followed, with my ID, now in my hand, and once outside, [name of supervisor] started narrating the story to the security as if he was there when it happened.   I tried to butt in to explain my side but [name of supervisor] did not let me, nor was the Male Security willing to listen.   After [name of supervisor] was finished, he snatched my ID from my hand and walked away.   I started to protest and tried to explain but no one is simply, listening to my side of the story and that action was taken as a hostile behavior for they called another security. When the Female Security came, she attempted to take control of the situation by screaming at me.   [name of supervisor] was now back and told me that my name and info is in the system and he said, â€Å"You can’t use MY computer lab and library lab for the rest of the year!† He gave my ID back and since I’m already severely humiliated, ultimately late for my presentation, I told him I want to get my stuff.   [name of supervisor] said that’s not possible and that the security will get it for me.   I protested.   That was my stuff with money, gadgets and personal belongings inside and I’m supposed to trust the security guard who had treated me badly to get it for me, I think not.   [name of supervisor] gave in and the security guard escorted me to my things and out of the Computer Lab. Before leaving, I made an attempt to find out what was the [supervisor’s name]’s name and I said I wanted to file a complaint.   The male security guard utterly refused to give me the name and the Woman Security started yelling at me saying that I’m harassing [name of supervisor]. I heard they wrote a report about me and they asked my classmate who was inside the lab for proper identifying details about me. Looking at this situation, I believe: (1)  Ã‚   First and foremost, that the fact that I’m Jewish, I’m white and that I have an accent is one of the reasons why I am treated differently.   No one gave me the opportunity to explain and no one was willing to listen to me.   Even our Grievance Procedure supports two sides of the story.   There should NOT be any discrimination in this school. (2)  Ã‚   Second, that the Computer Lab Assistants are not doing their jobs.   If they were doing their job in the instance that I am complaining of, (i.e. asking us to swipe our ID), they should have consistently done it for 2 years so that people, like me are not misled.   That is technically, neglect of duty, for them, not to add the fact that majority of their time is spent on pretend typing, music playing (ipod), cellphone handling or maybe nail polishing, I don’t know.   I just know this is very unprofessional. (3)  Ã‚   Third, that the Computer Lab Supervisor should follow due process.   He approached me with prejudice and without the respect that I am due.   I do not think interrupting me while I explain, calling off security and relaying a one-sided story and grabbing my ID from my hand is respectful. (4)  Ã‚   Fourth, the Male and Female Security Staff should follow due process as well.   They do not have to be rude or worse, they should not humiliate people more than they already are. Due to the underlying circumstances, I am unable to write a formal complaint directly to the [name of supervisor], the 2 Lab Assistants and the 2 Security Personnel.   If I may reiterate, this is because: (1)  Ã‚  Ã‚   The supervisor has already humiliated me in front of everyone.   I do not think he has a problem of doing it again. (2)  Ã‚  Ã‚     The supervisor has explicitly made it clear to me that he has entered the fact that I am â€Å"banned† from using the library for one year into the system.   Such being the case, if I do swipe my card, I will automatically be kicked out and maybe, since he’s always there, he can throw me out and add to the injury he has committed. (3)  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Computer Lab Assistants never helped me before and I don’t think they will help me now. (4)  Ã‚  Ã‚   This is an issue of discrimination and even if I do follow the grievance procedure, it will fall onto deaf ears.   My only hope is to bring this up to you. Knowing that you are my final resort in this particular matter, I believe I have the right to demand for the following: (1)  Ã‚   Lifting of the computer ban that was imposed because of a SINGLE, UNFAIR, UNJUST and DISCRIMINATORY instance. (2)  Ã‚   Appropriate action, a warning or a reprimand at the very least, against the people who have mistreated me. (3)  Ã‚   Clear and specific guidelines in the use of the Computer Lab to be included in the Undergraduate Bulletin and/or disseminated through the Computer Lab Bulletin.   These guidelines should indicate all the lab rules [not just the minor ones, see sample announcements attached] specially, the PROCESS in facilitating and addressing complaints or situations such as mine; should specify the procedure to follow for people who DO NOT have their IDs yet and the sanctions for non-implementation of computer lab rules.   Both students and personnel should uphold these rules. I hope you understand where I am coming from specially as regards the Computer Lab.   This service is part of the fee I paid for when I studied here and I am gratefully maximizing this fact.   This is extremely important in my pursuance of good education. I hope you help me achieve that goal and help me rebuild the distorted image I have of this school because of my experience.   I wouldn’t want any others to experience the same thing. Thank you for your time and consideration. Read also: â€Å"Co Curricular Activities Letter† How to cite Letter to the Provost option, Essay examples

friday night lights by J. Cole free essay sample

An admirable yet inquirable musician of choice in my opinion rookie of the year J. Cole; is a very intriguing artist. And I chose to pick him as an artist to review because he differs from other artist in ways like not jus having a â€Å"gangsta† appeal. But showing his higher educated side Music, Music to me is an emotional movement that whether positive or negative has and continues to change the way people (adolescents like me specifically) feel and think, Allowing daily involuntary meditation. Therefore in my opinion to be a notable rapper you have to be able to utilize various styles of relaying a message. In order to appeal to a majority of the people who will be surrounded with your influence. And in turn being praised as â€Å"real† not just spittin or being a lyricist you have to out do the preset boundaries. And connect from a different angle. We will write a custom essay sample on friday night lights by J. Cole or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page That you have obtained the knowledge to do by living out the lyrics of your life

The Republic Of South Africafrica Essays - , Term Papers

The Republic Of South Africafrica The Republic of South Africa By John Wendell September 27, 2000 The Republic of South Africa has had an interesting history. The country gained it's independence from Great Britain on May 10, 1910. At that time the country was a struggling agricultural nation, and now it is a semi-industrialized nation. South Africa is slightly less than twice the size of Texas and has a population of 43,421,021 person, With about 15 million economically active in the work force, the unemployment rate is about 30%. The country started of as predominately agricultural with 1,219,912 sq. km of land. They use 67% of the land as pastures, 10% is arable land, 1% is crops, and 7% is forests and woodland. The environmental hazards are that there are prolonged drought which can be very devastating to the economy and to the people because of starvation. A main natural concern is that South Africa has a lack of important rivers and lakes which require extensive water conservation and control measures. The land is rich in mineral resources such as chrome, platinum, uranium, coal, manganese, phosphates, and iron. South Africa leads the world in production of gold, gem diamonds, antimony, and vanadium. The climate of South Africa has an effect on the crops which the country can grow. The climate is mostly semiarid, and it is subtropical along the east coast. The main agricultural products are corn, wheat, sugarcane, fruits, and vegetables. The main livestock products are beef, poultry, mutton, wool, and dairy products. The economy of South Africa is pretty good for a developing nation. The country is middle income, with an abundant supply of natural resources. The household income or consumption by percentage shows that the lower 10% account for 1.4% of the people, and the higher 10% account for 47.3% of the people. The country has a well developed legal, communications, financial, energy, and transportation section. It also has a stock exchange that ranks in the top ten largest in the world. Also it has a modern transportation infrastructure that is uses to transport goods to the many major urban centers throughout the country. The county has gone through some major industrialization over the years. The countries industrialization was fueled by the discovery of gold and then diamonds. The GDP (Gross Domestic Production) is divided such as 5% is agricultural, 35% is industrial businesses, and 60% is service businesses. South Africa exports such commodities as gold, diamonds, other metals and minera ls, machinery and equipment. Over all, South Africa has come a long way from the way it was in 1910. The standard of living is increasing and the people are doing better for themselves. Geography

Role of Future Insurance Industry in Pakistan Essays

Role of Future Insurance Industry in Pakistan Essays Role of Future Insurance Industry in Pakistan Essay Role of Future Insurance Industry in Pakistan Essay The insurance business in Pakistan and I would prefer to do describe it as a business rather than an industry is an interesting application of this paradox. Over the years, the fatalism enjoined by Islam has been underwritten by a more pragmatic mechanism, which has offered various degrees of financial protection on the assumption that whereas it may be advisable to submit unquestionably to the will of God, one should not necessarily be out of pocket as a result. Fatalism tempered by pragmatism, therefore, can be regarded as recurring attributes of the insurance business in Pakistan, even from the very first green days of our Independence. When Pakistan was established in 1947, there were 77 insurance companies in all. Today there are 52. In 1947, 70 of those 77 companies were foreign companies and/or their branches. Today there are 10. The seven local companies have 47 years later become 42, and might have been more had 32 of them not been nationalised on March 18, 1972, when their life insurance business was brought into the public sector, and consolidated under the aegis of the State Life Insurance Corporation of Pakistan. Today, Pakistan has 52 companies conducting general business. They offer primarily Fire, Marine, Motor and Accident cover. The composition of general insurance business is Understandable, considering the lack of sophistication of our domestic environment. In 1993, Fire (including-Profits) accounted for 32. 2 per cent of the Gross Direct Premiums, Motor for 33. 1 per cent, Marine (including Hull) Premiums for 23 per cent and Accident (including Engineering) for 11. 7 per cent. The concentration of business amongst the insurers themselves presents a curiously disjointed picture. The 10 foreign companies have only a 10. 5 per cent share of the Gross Direct Premiums, and of the 41 Pakistani companies operating in the market, 35 of them share 18 per cent of the business, while only 6 companies command and control 71. per cent of the general business. What these companies share in common, though, is an obligation (an onerous one according to some) to reinsure a mandatory 20 per cant (it used to be 30%) of their insurance business with Pakistan Insurance Corporation (PIC), which was established in 1952 to provide reinsurance facilities within Pakistan and overseas, and to develop the insurance by offering technical and expert advice. PIC has grown substantially since 953, with its Gross Premium Income in the last five years being above the 1 billion mark. Its overall profitability has wavered, falling from an all time high of Rs. 119 million in 1991 to below Rs. 50 million in 1991. Apart from this obligation to reinsure with PIC, the general insurance companies are left largely to themselves and expected to be self-regulatory. Their Fire, Motor, Workmens Compensation and Marine classes of business are governed by a Tariff which is determined by themselves through their Insurance Association. Their maximum statutorily approved agency commission rates of 15 per cent for Marine business and 20 per cent for Non-Marine business have become more gentlemanly statements of intent than rigorously enforced standards. In their business, insurance companies are monitored by the Controller of Insurance, an administrative arm not of the Ministry of Industries but of the Ministry of Commerce. They are regulated by Insurance Rules of 1958, approved in the same year as the distant Martial Law coup of Ayub Khan. And they are governed by a law the Insurance Act of 1938, promulgated a year before the outbreak of the Second World War. To fatalism and pragmatism, one should perhaps therefore add the world Archaism, for no sector of Pakistans financial services market stands so deeply mired in its past, nor has as much need for deregulation and modernisation, if it is to prepare itself for the future. than the insurance business sector in Pakistan. There is no equivalent to the Companies Ordinance 1984 in the insurance sector. There is no appropriate counterpart to the Corporate Law Authority, to give an impetus to its development or to safeguard the interest of the public. The recent spectacular growth in the financial services sector, in my opinion, was no accident. It was the direct fertile result of an environment made receptive by regulated incentives and governmental initiative. Can the insurance business of Pakistan achieve the same sort of success? I cannot see why not. What than should be the direction of the insurance sector? What should be its role? An attempt was made seven years ago to answer these questions when, in 1987, a Government Commission was constituted to diagnose the malaise in the insurance sector. The report, submitted to the Government three years later, identified some of its more reprehensible practices for example, the methods used by insurance companies to obtain business particularly through banks, irregularities in settlement of claims, the indisciplined and unethical ractices of insurance surveyors, methods of rebating, commissions to agents, and discounts Whatever good that three volume report contained was interred with its bones; the evils it hoped to exercise continued to live long after it. More recently, last year in August 1993, another review took place when, in an Overview of the Insurance Industry by one of the leading brokerage houses, Khadim Ali Shah Bukhari Limited, the major problems were identified as: * Excessive Government controls * Compulsory reinsurance with PI C * High capital gains tax on investment gains Higher rate of tax on dividend income than 10% * Inaccessibility to public sector business, which is the domain of the National Insurance Corporation * Poor quality of manpower and limited training facilities It would be hard to question the justification for these complaints. It would be even harder to justify why the insurance companies have done so little to assuage them. If the future role of the insurance business sector is to grow and match the expanding requirements of Pakistans economy, there are key areas in which the insurance companies must themselves take the initiative. The first must be education. No one should be allowed to forget that insurance being a customer service oriented business, its success depends heavily on the quality and calibre of its personnel. In the United Kingdom, it was once considered enough for a new entrant into the business to have five GCEO levels and then spend his life within the same organisation learning the job on the job. Today, anyone wanting to make a career in Insurance should expect to be ready to tackle very focused courses, like those conducted by the College of Insurance in London. Apart from such foundation topics as Personnel Development Skills, Surveying and Risk Management, Reinsurance, Aviation and Marine, the students at the College are also offered such specialised subjects as European Law, the Use of Annual reports and Accounts for Errors and Omission Avoidance, Insolvency Rules and Regulations, and Financial Reinsurance and Derivatives. Insurance may have been a business by men; it is rapidly becoming one managed by women. An interesting aftermath of the second income phenomenon has been that in the United Kingdom, out of a total employment in the insurance usiness of almost 400,000 employed, 49. 3 per cent have been women. Another significant feature has been that 8 per cent are the total strength is self-employed. This emphasis on education, though needs to go beyond the potential or existing employees in insurance companies. Another audience whose knowledge of the insurance business should never be presumed but whose ignorance can have damaging cons equences is that of the lawmakers themselves. It took Great Britain over a century to recognise the significance of this advantage. Only as recently as 1991 was an All Party Parliamentary Group on Insurance and Financial Services formed to act as a bridge between the lawmaking MPs and a law-abiding industry. Without a better understanding of the business of insurance, should one honestly expect legislators to be able or equipped to promulgate sound and appropriate laws? And what about the laws themselves? Can there be legislation of any adequacy without an accepted definition of such simple but crucial words in a policy as theft, or flood, accidental bodily injury or reasonable steps to safeguard any property insured? Are we ourselves clear on what we all understand by Warranties, Responsibilities for Disclosure, Misrepresentations, and the Brokers responsibilities to his or her clients? Such legislative clarity is difficult to achieve but necessary to attain, for without such a suitable legal framework, and a regulatory environment which is both sensitive to and responsive to changes, the future growth of the insurance business in Pakistan will continue as before a blind perpetuation of arcane laws and the mindless repetition of previous practices. Can Pakistan afford such an addition to history? Can our insurance Industry avoid the responsibility for developing new products more attuned to the specific needs of our economy? The future of the insurance sector must connect with the permanent features of our economy. If we are still fundamentally an agrarian society, we have to expand crop, livestock and other such agrarian insurance schemes. The 1988 National Commission on Agriculture, incidentally, makes no mention of insurance anywhere in its 644 page report. If we are gradually expanding into an urban economy, we have to consider widening schemes which provide household and personal effects insurance. If we want to build our own motor cars to speed on our own multi-lane highways, we have to fashion policies which provide cover not simply for the vehicles, its passengers, third party liability, but also anticipate the responsibilities incumbent on highway authorities regarding the condition of the roads. If we want to maximise the safer and more efficient use of our railway system, we must encourage the Pakistan Railways to obtain cover for risks which are germane to their operations. Similarly, insurance cover of transport by road should not be left to the goodwill of the transporters, many of whom regard self-insurance, like rash driving, as the best form of protection. If we are veering towards industrialisation, products coverage should have to go beyond fire insurance of the factory and stocks Loss of profits insurance, safety standards, more open disclosure of actual replacement values, a fairer participation of the premium/risk are some of the more brittle realities businessmen will have to learn to accommodate. And if we are to have a population which is refusing to stop at 120 million, and is taking longer to grow older, clinical risk management will become continuing rather than occasional features of our economic society. Health insurance will become more than simply reimbursing medical bills. It could and must in time cover risks in obstetrics and gynaecology, health care management, managing financial risks like contract clauses and indemnities, drugs cases and claims associated with environmental hazards. And if we are a nation that attaches a value to the life and well-being of our citizens, a nation which advocates the work ethic, and a nation which encourages life insurance as a means of channelling savings into productive investment, the future role of the insurance sector both of Life and General will be a translation of these responsibilities and opportunities into productive action. The largest mobiliser of funds in the insurance market has been unquestionably the State Life Insurance Corporation of Pakistan. Since 1972, following the traumatic nationalisation of life business, SLIC has grown tremendously. Its premium income has increased from Rs. 316 million in 1973 the first year of its consolidation to Rs. 5 billion in 1994, equalling the total Gross Direct Premium of all the 52 companies in the general sector. SLICs investment portfolio grew from Rs. 1. 4 billion to Rs. 21 billion, and not surprisingly SLICs investment income has now become almost one-third of its total income. Its yield on Life Funds is about 14. 4 per cent which may explain why the new companies which have been granted permission to do life business are displaying an understandable hesitancy. Nothing is secret in the public sector, and certainly the use of SLICs funds over the years to finance Government has been no secret. SLICs portfolio consists primarily of Government securities. That in itself is not a problem. What one needs to identify is the impact on the Governments reliance upon SLIC as a resource, should SLIC be privatised to the point where its policies could be brought more in line with market imperatives and competitive investment options. It is already six years since the Insurance Reforms Commission was established. During this period, because of Deregulation and Privatisation, the whole financial services market has undergone an irreversible change. Further privatisation will bring about additional responsibilities, which means more costs, as insurance of commercial risks becomes no longer a matter of choice but an inescapable requirement. Businessmen of tomorrow will have to accept that insurance policies are not a chance talisman against calamities. Used prudently, they can be a resilient and reliable safety net, providing them and the economy with a level of confidence to take risks which are quantifiable and knowingly and prudently underwritten. In another six years Pakistan will be in the 21st century. No one would expect that all of the aspects of the insurance business whether legislative, regulatory or commercial will be in place by then. A reasonable expectation would be that significant steps would be taken to move in those directions. Talleyrand once said that war is much too serious a business to be left to military men. Similarly, perhaps, the future role of Insurance in Pakistan is too serious to be left only to insurance men. Its future lies in the hands of better informed legislators, more responsible insurance professionals, and perhaps most importantly of all, more discerning and demanding customers themselves. Collectively they can, and I am sure, will fashion the future role of the insurance sector in Pakistan.

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What are the most important parts of a financial statement for an Essay

What are the most important parts of a financial statement for an investor to look at when deciding on a long-term financial investment - Essay Example If an investor buys shares of a company whose profits have been deteriorating over the years then it is likely that the impact of the falling profits will also be reflected in the price of its shares. This will erode the value of the company’s shares and the investment will result in losses. For this reason a careful analysis of the financial statements is a must before taking a long position in the shares of the company. The investors must make investments from long term point of view as this gives them the power to exercise control over their investments. An intelligent investor must not focus on the short term movements in the market rather one should concentrate on intelligent selection (Bogle & Swensen, 2009, pp.40). Ideally the return on a long term investment should be 7% (Campbell et al., 2001). Stocks generally offer best possible returns over the long term (Bodnar, 2006, pp.121). For the period 1926 to 1998 the common stocks of large companies offered an annual return of 11.2 percent. When compared with other instruments it shows that the stocks offered a risk premium of 7.2 percent annually. Even though the returns earned on large cap and small cap stocks is higher as compared to other assets classes their returns are more volatile. The return on long term bonds issued by US government is 5.3 percent per year i.e. a real return of 2.2 percent. Though the returns on such bonds are less as compared to the stocks but their returns are comparatively less volatile when compared to volatility in stock returns (Reilly & Brown, 2002, pp.92). The financial statements comprise of- Income Statement, Cash flow Statement and Balance Sheet. Income Statement is an estimation of the profits incurred or losses suffered by the business over a specified period of time. Cash Flow Statement is a summary of the net cash position of the business. Balance Sheet is a summarized statement of the assets owned by the business and the liabilities owed by it. Using these